Nursing Administration Together With Diagnosis For Chf

Definition :

A terra firma of pathophysiological abnormalities inward cardiac business office resulting inward amount failure to pump blood to run into the metabolic needs of tissues together with or mightiness exclusively if accompanied past times altitude of left ventricular filling pressure.

Etiology :
A. mechanical abnormalities

• Increased burden of the key (aortic stenosis), peripheral (systemic hypertension)
• Increase inward book charge (initial charge increase)
• Obstruction of the ventricular filling (stenosis mitralis / trikuspidalis)
• Pericardial tamponade
• Restriction endocardium / myocardium
• Ventricular aneurysm.

B. Abnormalities of the myocardium
1. Primary

• Cardiomyopathy
• Myocarditis
• The metabolic abnormalities
• Toxicity (alcohol, cobalt)

2. Dis-dynamic abnormalities, secondary

• K (-) O2
• The metabolic abnormalities
• Inflammation
• Systemic Diseases
• COPD

C. Changes inward amount rhythm

• Cardiac arrest
• Fibrillation
• Tachycardia / bradycardia
• Electric Asinkroni

Signs together with symptoms of CHF

1. Left amount failure

• Fatigue
• Weak
• Cyanosis
• Dyspnea
• Cough
• Orthopnea
• Anorexia
• Tachypnea
• The showtime amount audio decreases
• Wet crackles pleural effusion

2. Right amount failure

• Weight loss
• Ankle edema
• Abdominal distention
• Pain subkostal
• Pulsation cervix region
• Jaundice
• Tired
• Edema, ascites
• Increased jugular venous pressure

Complication

• Cardiac asthma? due to bronchospasm occurs at nighttime or inward the activity
• Non-productive coughing due to lung congestion
• Haemoptysis
• Dysphagia due to distension of the pulmonary venous atrium or
• Containment of systemic veins - JVP increased
• Hepatomegaly
• Peripheral edema
• Ascites together with anasarka
• Increase inward trunk weight due to H2O retentiveness together with sodium
• Peripheral vasoconstriction? liberate of trunk rut (-)
• Abnormalities of liver function, prothrombin fourth dimension emanjangan light.

Nursing Management of CHF

Goal :
- Reducing the workload of the heart
- H5N1 3rd of selective manipulation of the primary determinants of myocardial function, namely:

• the initial load
• the charge end
• contractility

- Achieve the desired clinical response

Guidelines:
1. Limitation of physical activity

• Avoid strenuous work
• Stop the heavy exercise

2. sodium restriction
3. digitalis glycosides
4. diuretics

• Diuretics
• Potassium-sparing diuretics

5. vasodilator
6. inotropic agents
7. specific actions:

• Consideration tranpalntasi
• Assisted circulation:

Nursing Diagnosis for CHF

1. Decreased cardiac output related to mechanical factors (preload, afterload, contractility)
2. Impaired gas telephone substitution related to alveolar capillary membrane due to increased pulmonary capillary pressure
3. Changes inward nutritional status: less than trunk requirement related to the absorption of nutrients secondary to decreased cardiac output.
4. Activity intolerance related to decreased cardiac output.

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