Okay!
I left off last time maxim that nosotros conduct hold 2 big issues to address alongside regard to hypoxia every bit a displace or exacerbating component inward cancer:
- What causes tissue to locomote hypoxic?
- Is at that topographic point a role for hyperbaric oxygen therapy inward fighting cancer?
Let’s tackle them inward order.
To live honest alongside you, I nonetheless don’t know which comes first: depression oxygen, or mitochondrial dysfunction. The fact is, fifty-fifty when there’s plenty of oxygen available, if the mitochondria are malfunctioning, they can’t use it. But what if what’s causing the mitochondria to malfunction is insufficient oxygen? (I told you terminal fourth dimension this materials is complicated!)
It almost doesn’t matter, right? The bottom trouble is, whether the tissue is hypoxic or not, the mitochondria are non using whatever oxygen mightiness live present. (Well, they’re using some of it. Remember, kids, when it comes to biological scientific discipline together with biochemistry, at that topographic point are very rarely whatever absolutes, yep or no, on or off. Things aren't binary, but rather, there's a balancing act. Even cancer cells conduct hold some mitochondria that are okay; it’s merely that the majority of them are messed up.)
I merely conduct hold a difficult fourth dimension wrapping my caput around it all. Think close angiogenesis: the creation of blood vessels specifically so that the cancerous tissue ensures it has a steady furnish of fuel together with nutrients. But what does blood behave every bit good fuel together with nutrients? OXYGEN. So you lot would call upwards that angiogenesis would give cancer cells more oxygen, non less. So going 1 measurement further, this beingness the case, it seems similar the mitochondrial dysfunction comes first, because theoretically, at that topographic point should live sufficient oxygen delivery to the cancer cells, what alongside all those blood vessels they created for their ain nefarious purposes. So at that topographic point is sufficient oxygen (“normoxia”), yet nosotros conduct hold hypoxia-inducible factors out the yin-yang upregulating all sorts of nasty pathways together with reactions inward these cells to maintain themselves live because they think they’re hypoxic. And the argue they think they’re hypoxic is because the mitochondria aren’t using the oxygen. (That’s my logic, anyway. I told you lot at that topographic point was going to live a lot of wild speculation here, together with so it begins.)
I shared a quote terminal fourth dimension that explained why some tumors are genuinely hypoxic: “…rapidly growing tumours are typically characterized past times disorganized vasculature alongside an abnormal leaky together with tortuous structure. These rapidly growing tumours also exhibit hypoxic intratumoral regions that did non furnish sufficient oxygen together with nutrients to cells together with require a high adaptation of cancer cells for their survival.” (Mimeault & Batra, 2013)
Rather than maintain together with on inward my weird, circular logic, together with non enter at whatever answers, let’s displace on to something else I tin speculate really wildly about. I mentioned terminal fourth dimension that I had asked the dark pit of despair, or other places I pass whatever time. Way dorsum inward my post service close "vitamin J," I wrote close the importance of spending fourth dimension inward natural settings. Perhaps fresh, educate clean air, together with to a greater extent than oxygen is component subdivision of why I ever experience amend inward light-green spaces. (Mark Sisson has written close this every bit well, here together with “blame the victim” territory. It mightiness live 1 thing to hold off at an older someone who was sedentary their entire life together with preferred to live indoors every bit much every bit possible together with think, “Well, if only you lot had done x, y, together with z, you lot wouldn’t conduct hold gotten cancer.” But nosotros can’t really hit that. Not alongside adults, together with certainly non alongside children. (And I promise nosotros tin all care that, fifty-fifty though nosotros conduct hold some ideas close what's going on inward cancer, what the initial triggering events together with factors are are generally non completely understood, together with if whatever of us did engage inward "blame the victim" shenanigans, it would brand us ginormous, first-order black-hearted *ssholes. And I know that description doesn't tally anyone reading my blog, right?) Lest nosotros forget: cancer strikes all ages. All genders, all races, all weights, all economical strata, everything. It gets athletes together with couch potatoes. Geniuses together with dullards. It is an equal chance killer. So I don’t call upwards whatever of this oxygen materials outright causes cancer. I’m merely trying to betoken out some interesting stuff. Even if you lot conduct hold “cancer prevention” off the listing of benefits, exercise, deep breathing, together with spending fourth dimension outdoors are nonetheless pretty practiced things to hit for other reasons.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
“Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is the direction of 100% oxygen at elevated pressure. In vivo, HBOT saturates blood plasma alongside oxygen, allowing it to diffuse farther into the tissues together with oxygenate hypoxic tumor regions. Similarly, HBOT increases oxygen diffusion into cells inward civilisation together with thence its effects tin live readily evaluated inward the inward vitro environment. HBOT has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis together with tumor growth together with increment survival fourth dimension every bit a stand-alone or adjuvant therapy to measure aid inward a multifariousness of cell, animal, together with human studies.” (Poff, Ward, Seyfried, et al., 2015)
“The targeting of HIFs represents an attractive adjuvant cancer therapy to simultaneously eradicate cancer cells together with stimulate anti-angiogenic effects inward highly hypoxic tumours.” (Mimeault & Batra, 2013)
We’ll hold off merely a footling at hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) here. We’ll locomote into to a greater extent than special after nosotros tackle the role of the ketogenic diet, because they locomote hand-in-hand. Evidence suggests that the combination of a ketogenic diet together with HBOT (with possible add-on of ketone esters) is a one-two punch that kicks cancer cells inward the jimmies. Neither of these approaches, whether lone or together, is a cure BY ANY MEANS. But they hit seem to conduct hold some real impressive potential, together with since every unmarried 1 of us is or volition live affected past times cancer inward some agency (either personally, or via someone nosotros love), nosotros owe our gratitude to the researchers who are doing piece of job inward these areas.
Okay, dorsum on message.
If mitochondria inward cancer cells can’t utilisation oxygen, so what’s the betoken of bombarding them alongside even to a greater extent than oxygen? That’s similar what they state close yelling at a deaf someone to acquire them to sympathize you: peradventure if you lot merely holler loudly enough, they’ll remove heed you. It doesn’t piece of job that way. But inward cancer cells, “talking louder” does seem to work. Well, if past times “work,” nosotros hateful kill cancer cells. It’s non that bombarding cancer jail cellular telephone mitochondria alongside oxygen magically repairs them so that they can use it. It’s the opposite, actually: it ruins them.
From Raphi: “Cancer cells are clever, yes, but really quite frail opposite to what many oncologists volition tell you. They’re less ADAPTABLE. There’s to a greater extent than to it than the reply I’m going to give you lot but basically… You stress them to a greater extent than than normal cells when force-feeding them oxygen (at a higher pressure) given that their mitochondrial mechanism used to procedure the oxygen is dysfunctional. You’re making their surroundings less friendly.”
I’m non clear on the specific mechanisms of how HBOT affects cancer cells, but this is 1 appear I variety of understand:
HBOT helps increment gratuitous radicals (reactive oxygen species, or ROS). As nosotros discussed agency dorsum inward the start post service close mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS are a normal byproduct of cellular unloose energy generation. But sometimes, the amount of ROS produced overwhelms a cell’s capacity to quench them (with antioxidants), together with all sorts of harm tin occur—such every bit harm to the inner together with outer mitochondrial membranes. Damage from ROS tin displace malfunctioning mitochondria. When they’re malfunctioning just a little, the jail cellular telephone stays live past times reverting to the glycolytic phenotype together with becoming cancerous. But HBOT slams the cells alongside oxygen. Under that “supraphysiologic” amount of oxygen, more ROS are produced than normal. And plenty harm mightiness occur that the cells really die.
Something you lot mightiness live wondering at nowadays is: what protects healthy cells from all that oxygen together with ROS harm intended to kill cancer cells? EXCELLENT QUESTION. And such a smashing segue to our side past times side topic, the 1 we’ve all been waiting for (me included!) – THE KETOGENIC DIET.
Preview:
There is “a synergistic interaction betwixt the KD together with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO2T). … HBO2T volition increment ROS inward the tumor cells while the ketones protect normal cells against ROS harm together with from potential oxygen toxicity…In contrast to radiations therapy, which also kills tumor cells through ROS production, the KD + HBO2T volition kill tumor cells without causing toxic collateral harm to normal cells.” (Seyfried, Flores, Poff, et al., 2015)
So, you lot see, the ketogenic diet for cancer is non just close reducing blood glucose together with insulin (fuel furnish together with growth signal, respectively), though those are huge things inward its favor. There’s a whole lot to a greater extent than to it.
Coming soon!
P.S. Fascinatingly, what originally laid Dr. D’Agostino on his path to studying the ketogenic diet was its utilisation inward protecting Naval Special Warfare divers (SEALs) from oxygen toxicity seizures. So he knew close these effects long earlier he learned close the myriad other benefits of ketogenic diets. I bet he never imagined he’d goal upwards studying cancer! (Or using the same dietary approach to assist inward his ain personal bodybuilding efforts. The earth is a magical, mysterious, beautiful place, eh?)
Disclaimer: Amy Berger, MS, CNS, NTP, is non a Dr. together with , LLC, is non a medical practice. The data contained on this site is non intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or preclude whatever medical status together with is non to live used every bit a substitute for the aid together with guidance of a physician. Links inward this post service together with all others may straightaway you lot to amazon.com, where I volition have a small-scale amount of the purchase cost of whatever items you lot purchase through my affiliate links.
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Tags:
Biochemistry
Biology
cancer
Health
Hypoxia
Metabolism
Mitochondria
Modern Medicine
Physiology
Science