Botanical name- Glycerrhiza glabra Linn
Family- Leguminoceae
Common name- English- Liquorice, Hindi- Madhuyashti, Sanskrit- Madhuka
Description – It is a native of Southern Europe. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 perinneal herb 1-1.5 mtrs inwards height. Root long, reddish yellow, source together with bark hand multiple branches. Leaves- chemical compound leaflets. Flowers – pinkish. Pods- iii cm long, flat. It contains 2-5 squared seeds. Flowers inwards summertime together with seeds inwards rainy flavour
Part used – Roots
Chemical constituents- Triterpene saponins-Glycyrrhizin (glycyrrhizic acid) is the major saponin, responsible for the sweetness sense of savor of liquorice, together with its aglycone, glycyrrhetinic acid; together amongst other derivatives together with glycosides such every bit glycyrrhizol, glabrins Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 together with B, glycyrrhetol, glabrolide, isoglabrolide together with others.
Flavonoids together with Isoflavonoids - Liquiritin, which during drying together with storage undergoes partial conversion to isoliquiritin; their aglycones, liquiritigenin together with isoliquiritigenin, isolicoflavonol, licoagrodione, glucoliquiritin apioside, prenyllicoflavone A, shinflavone, shinpterocarpin, I-methoxyphyaseollin together with rhamnoliquirilin. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 diversity of isoflavones are too reported cast the plant, including formononetin, glabrene, neoliquiritin, hispaglabridin Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 together with B, glabridin, glabrol, 3-hydroxyglarol, glycyrrhisflavone, 4-0-methylglabridin, 3' -hydroxy-4' -0-methylglabridin together with many 2-methyl isoflavones.
Coumarins together with coumestan drivatives-Herniarin, umbelliferone, C-liqucoumarin, 6-acetyl-5,hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin, glycycoumarin together with licopyanocoumarin bring been identified.
Phytosterols -Stigmasterol, onocerin, β-Sitosterol together with β-amyrin.
Volatile oils --Liquorice contains a describe amount (0,5%) of volatile oil, containing anethole, estragole, eugenol together with hexanoic acid every bit the primary constituents.
Traditional uses-It is used every bit a tonic, laxative, demulcent, expectorant together with emollient inwards many traditional systems of medicine. It finds detail utilization inwards cough, catarrh, bronchitis, fever, gastritis, gastric together with duodenal ulcers together with peel diseases together with every bit a full general tonic. It has been applied externally to cuts together with wounds together with used inwards the handling of hyperdipsia, genitourinary diseases together with many other tyke indications, including every bit a corticosteroid replacement agent.
Medicinal together with pharmacological action-
Antiulcer activity: Liquorice has a well-documented antiulcer action, beingness every bit effective every bit cimetidine together with pirenzapine inwards curing peptic ulcer. An Ayurvedic training containing liquorice increased β-glucuronidase activity inwards the Brunner's glands, offering protection against duodenal ulcer.
Hepatoprotedive activity: Liquorice is used traditionally for the prevention of liver diseases. Administration to experimental animals increased the duration of the lag stage of ascorbate gratuitous radical oxidation inwards the liver together with myocardium, the antioxidant activity of the source pulverisation beingness comparable to that of I)-carotene, together with markedly decreased lipid peroxides inwards liver. An alcoholic extract increased the cumulative biliary together with urinary excretion of acetaminophen without affecting the thioether or sulphate conjugates together with too increased glucuronidation inwards rats, suggesting it may intluence detoxification of xenobiotics.
Antioxidant adivity: An investigation using the isotlavonoids of liquorice focused on their mightiness to protect the liver mitochondria against oxidative stresses. This trial was linked amongst the inhibition of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation-related respiratory electron transport. Glabridin together with its derivatives contributed to the antioxidant activity induced yesteryear heavy metallic ions together with macrophages against depression density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. LDL oxidation is a major factor inwards the production aetiology of early on arteriosclerosis. The isotlavans too showed a strong scavenging trial on the DPPH radical together with were able to chelate heavy metals. This activity was associated amongst the hydroxy functional grouping every bit good every bit the hydrophobic moiety of the isotlavans. Glabridin too inhibited the susceptibility ofLDL to oxidation inwards an atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E deficient together with inwards vitro human LDL oxidation model together with prevented the consumption of I)-carotene together with lycopene. Further experiments amongst glabridin together with accompanying isotlavans suggested that glabridin is a strong inhibitor of cholesterollinoleate hydroperoxide formation.
Antimicrobial adivity: Extracts containing tlavonoids showed pregnant antimycotic activity when evaluated using strains of Candida albicans isolated from clinical samples of shrewd vaginitis. Flavonoid constituents isolated from liquorice hairy source cultures too exhibited antimicrobial activity when tested yesteryear the disc diffusion method. Hispaglabridin Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 together with B, glabridin, glabrol, 3-hydroxyglabrol together with 4' -O-methylglabridin bring demonstrated pregnant antimicrobial activity.
Anticancer adivity: Liquorice potentiated the antitumour together with antimetastatic activity of cyclophosphamide when tested inwards . metastasising Lewis lung carcinoma. Extracts bring been assayed for cytotoxicity inwards vitro using the Yoshida ascites sarcoma; the crude oil ether extract exhibited a to a greater extent than strong activity than other solvent extracts. Liquorice has too been shown to protect against peel tumorigenesis caused yesteryear DMBA (7,12-dimethyl-benz [a] anthracene) initiation together with 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) promotion. The latency menses of neoplasm attack was increased together with the give away of tumours decreased, maybe yesteryear inhibiting the carcinogen metabolism later on deoxyribonucleic acid adduct formation.
Antimutagenic adivity: Glycyrrhiza glabra source together with its isolated constituents were tested against ethyl methanesulphonate, N-methyl-N' -nitro- due north -nitrosoguanidine together with ribose-lysine Maillard models of mutagenesis using a Salmonella microsome reversion assay. The extract showed antimutagenic activity against ethyl methanesulphonate together with 18-β glycyrrhetinic acid exhibited a pregnant des mutagenic activity against ribose-lysine mutagenic browning mixture.
Antiinflammatory adivity: Glycyrrhizin inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, which indicates antiinflammatory activity. It too prolonged plasma recalcification together with fibrogen clotting times. Glyderinine, a derivative of glycyrrhizic acid, reduced inflammation via the adrenal cortex, suppressed vascular permeability together with allergic together with antipyretic activity, without causing haemopoiesis or ulceration.
HOMOEOPATHIC USES –
Used every bit anti-inflammatory together with expectorant
Useful inwards irritating cough, sore throat, mutual frigidness together with bronchitis
Research flora it useful similar corticosteroids without their side effects
Inhibits the growth of prostate cancer
Helps inwards reduction of torso fat- reduces blood cholesterol
Used for oligospermia, increases sperm count